Complete Plant Guide

Epidendrum radicans, commonly known as the Reed-stem Epidendrum or Crucifix Orchid, is a terrestrial orchid native to Mexico and Central America. It produces vibrant clusters of red, orange, and yellow flowers atop tall reed-like stems, forming a cross shape that gives it the name "crucifix orchid." It is one of the most adaptable and beginner-friendly orchids available.

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Crucifix Orchid

Epidendrum secundum

Easy 💧 6 days ☀️ Bright indirect

Epidendrum secundum, commonly known as the Crucifix Orchid, is a terrestrial and lithophytic orchid native to the Andean regions and Brazil. Its small, vibrant flowers bloom in dense clusters atop upright stems, in colors ranging from pink and red to orange, yellow, and white. It is one of the most resilient and adaptable orchids in the genus, capable of flowering nearly year-round under ideal conditions.

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Willowherb / Fireweed (genus)

Epilobium

Epilobium is a genus of flowering plants in the family Onagraceae, found across temperate and subalpine regions worldwide. Species range from tall fireweed colonizers to delicate streamside willowherbs, producing characteristic pink to purple blooms in summer and fall.

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Fringed Willowherb

Epilobium ciliatum

Easy 💧 4 days ☀️ Partial shade

Epilobium ciliatum, known as fringed willowherb, is a fast-growing herbaceous perennial in the evening primrose family (Onagraceae), native to North America and eastern Asia and now naturalized across Europe and other temperate regions. It forms upright, often branching stems covered in fine bristly hairs, topped with small four-petaled white to pale pink flowers with deeply notched petals and dark veining. Blooming from summer into fall, it is a magnet for pollinators and readily colonizes disturbed soil, roadsides, and moist waste ground.

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Great Willowherb

Epilobium hirsutum

Great willowherb is a robust, hairy-stemmed perennial native to Europe, North Africa, and temperate Asia. It thrives in wet meadows, riverbanks, and ditches, spreading by rhizomes to form dense stands up to 2 m tall. From June to September it bears soft pink, four-petaled flowers with a pale center, much loved by hoverflies and other pollinators, followed by long seed pods that release fluffy, wind-borne seeds.

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Small-flowered willowherb

Epilobium parviflorum

Epilobium parviflorum is a hardy perennial herb native to Europe, North Africa and western Asia. It grows along stream banks, marshes and other damp, disturbed ground, forming clumps of soft, downy stems topped with small pink-to-purple four-petalled flowers from July to August. It is best known today as a traditional medicinal herb used in European folk medicine.

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Square-stemmed Willowherb

Epilobium tetragonum

Hard 💧 4 days ☀️ Partial shade

Epilobium tetragonum, known as square-stemmed willowherb, is an erect perennial wildflower native to Europe and western Asia, easily recognized by its hairless stem with four raised ridges arranged in a tetragonal pattern. It grows 30-130 cm tall and bears clusters of small pink-purple flowers with notched petals from July to September. Found naturally in damp woodland clearings, hedgebanks, ditches and streamsides, it adapts readily to garden borders and wildflower meadows.

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Helleborine

Epipactis

Epipactis is a genus of roughly 54 accepted terrestrial orchid species found across the temperate and subtropical regions of Europe, Asia, North Africa, and North America. Unlike the tropical epiphytic orchids seen in most collections, Epipactis species grow directly in the ground from creeping, fleshy rhizomes, sending up one or several leafy stems each year from spring through late summer. They favor the dappled light of open woodland, hedgerows, and scrub, though several species - including the North American Stream Orchid (Epipactis gigantea) - are equally at home along the damp margins of streams, springs, and lakes. A defining trait of the genus is its total dependence on mycorrhizal fungi in the soil: seeds carry almost no stored energy and cannot germinate without a fungal partner, and even mature plants rely on this underground relationship to take up nutrients. Flower spikes bear numerous small, often drooping blooms in shades of green, white, purple, and dusky pink, generally opening from midsummer into autumn. The best-known species, Epipactis helleborine, has proven remarkably adaptable, naturalizing far beyond its native Eurasian range and now appearing as a common, sometimes weedy, colonizer of parks, gardens, and city sidewalks in North America. Because of their fungal dependency, Epipactis orchids are considered specialist wild and woodland-garden plants rather than typical houseplants.

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Broad-leaved Helleborine

Epipactis helleborine

Hard 💧 7 days ☀️ Partial shade

Epipactis helleborine, commonly known as the broad-leaved helleborine, is a terrestrial orchid native to Europe and Asia. It grows in woodland settings, relying on mycorrhizal fungi for germination and survival. Its tall stems bear broad, ribbed leaves and a drooping raceme of greenish-purple flowers that bloom in summer.

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Orchid Cactus

Epiphyllum

Medium 💧 10 days ☀️ Partial shade

Epiphyllum is a genus of epiphytic cacti native to the tropical forests of Central and South America. Unlike desert cacti, they grow perched on tree branches in dappled light, producing long, flat, trailing stems. They are celebrated for their spectacular flowers — enormous, often fragrant, and sometimes night-blooming — that last only one or two days, making each bloom a fleeting but unforgettable event.

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Fishbone cactus

Epiphyllum anguliger

Easy 💧 10 days ☀️ Bright indirect

The fishbone cactus is an epiphytic cactus native to the tropical forests of Mexico, where it grows attached to tree trunks and branches. Its flattened, deeply lobed zigzag stems resemble a fish's spine, and mature plants produce large, fragrant, night-blooming white flowers in late summer or fall.

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Queen of the Night

Epiphyllum oxypetalum

Medium 💧 7 days ☀️ Partial shade

Epiphyllum oxypetalum is a spectacular epiphytic cactus native to Central America, famous for its stunning white nocturnal flowers that can reach up to 30 cm in diameter. The flowers open only for one night, releasing a sweet and intense fragrance, and wilt by dawn. It is a fast-growing plant that can reach up to 3 meters in height, with flattened stems that function as leaves (phylloclades) with wavy edges. Unlike other cacti, it has no spines.

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Climbing Cactus

Epiphyllum phyllanthus

Easy 💧 9 days ☀️ Low light

Epiphyllum phyllanthus, commonly known as the Climbing Cactus or Orchid Cactus, is a tropical epiphytic cactus from the family Cactaceae, native to the forests of Central and South America. Unlike desert cacti, it grows on trees in humid, shaded environments and produces large, white, fragrant flowers that bloom only at night.

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Pothos / Devil's Ivy (genus)

Epipremnum

Epipremnum is a genus of tropical climbing aroids in the family Araceae, native to Southeast Asia and the Pacific. It encompasses popular houseplant species like E. pinnatum and E. aureum, prized for their lush foliage, vigorous growth, and exceptional tolerance to indoor conditions including low light.

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Golden Pothos

Epipremnum aureum

Easy 💧 8 days ☀️ Low light

Epipremnum aureum, commonly known as Golden Pothos or Devil's Ivy, is one of the most popular and resilient houseplants. Native to French Polynesia, this evergreen vine features heart-shaped leaves with stunning golden-yellow variegation. Known for its air-purifying qualities, it thrives in various light conditions and is an excellent choice for beginners.

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Glacier Pothos

Epipremnum aureum 'Glacier'

Glacier is a compact variegated cultivar of golden pothos (Epipremnum aureum). Its leaves are small and fairly round, about 5-10 cm long, splashed with white, cream and silver-grey over olive to deep green. The white areas fade softly into the green instead of ending in a sharp line, which gives the leaf a frosted look and a slight silvery sheen. New leaves often open mostly creamy white. It is easily confused with 'N'Joy' and 'Pearls and Jade': N'Joy has larger leaves with clean-edged white blocks, and Pearls and Jade has narrower, smaller leaves with grey-green speckling. Glacier grows slowly and stays dense and bushy, so it suits shelves, desks and small hanging pots.

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Manjula Pothos

Epipremnum aureum 'Manjula'

Easy 💧 8 days ☀️ Partial shade

Manjula Pothos (Epipremnum aureum 'Manjula') is a patented pothos cultivar known for heart-shaped leaves splashed with cream, silver-green and white marbling and gently wavy edges. A fast-growing, easy-care vine, it trails beautifully from hanging baskets or climbs a moss pole, making it one of the most popular variegated houseplants.

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Marble Queen Pothos

Epipremnum aureum 'Marble Queen'

Marble Queen Pothos (Epipremnum aureum 'Marble Queen') is a popular variegated cultivar prized for its cream-and-white marbled heart-shaped leaves. A trailing vine native to tropical regions, it is widely grown indoors in hanging baskets or trained up moss poles, valued for its low-maintenance nature and striking foliage pattern.

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N'Joy Pothos

Epipremnum aureum 'N'Joy'

Easy 💧 9 days ☀️ Bright indirect

The N'Joy Pothos (Epipremnum aureum 'N'Joy') is a compact cultivar of the classic pothos, prized for its smaller, rounded leaves marked with crisp white-and-green variegation. Unlike some variegated pothos varieties, N'Joy holds its pattern fairly reliably even in average light, though brighter indirect light produces the whitest leaves. It's a slow-to-moderate grower, well suited to hanging baskets, shelves, or as a compact tabletop trailer.

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Neon pothos

Epipremnum aureum 'Neon'

Epipremnum aureum 'Neon' is a vibrant cultivar of golden pothos prized for its bright, solid chartreuse-yellow foliage, which darkens slightly with age or in lower light. A fast-growing, low-maintenance trailing vine, it looks stunning cascading from a hanging basket or climbing a moss pole.

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Pearls and Jade Pothos

Epipremnum aureum 'Pearls and Jade'

A compact variegated cultivar of golden pothos, prized for its small heart-shaped leaves marbled in white, gray-green, and jade-green, often with a pink blush on new growth. Its slower, more compact trailing habit makes it a favorite for shelves and hanging baskets.

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Dragon Tail Plant

Epipremnum pinnatum

Medium 💧 4 days ☀️ Partial shade

Epipremnum pinnatum is a vigorous climbing aroid native to Southeast Asia and the Pacific Islands. It is celebrated for its dramatic leaf dimorphism: juvenile leaves are small and entire, while mature leaves become large, glossy, and deeply pinnately split. Related to but distinct from E. aureum (golden pothos), it is a fast-growing, adaptable houseplant and robust outdoor vine in tropical climates.

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Flame Violet

Episcia cupreata

Episcia cupreata is a tropical creeping plant native to Colombia, belonging to the Gesneriaceae family. It features velvety leaves with stunning metallic patterns in shades of copper, silver, and green, along with tubular red or orange flowers that bloom throughout the year. Highly valued as a houseplant for its decorative foliage and trailing stoloniferous growth habit.

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Flame Violet

Episcia reptans

Easy 💧 2 days ☀️ Bright indirect

Episcia reptans, commonly known as Flame Violet or Chocolate Soldier, is a creeping tropical plant in the Gesneriaceae family, native to the rainforests of the Brazilian Amazon and Colombia. Its velvety dark-green leaves with silver markings and vibrant scarlet tubular flowers make it one of the most striking houseplants available. It spreads naturally via stolons, creating a lush cascading display perfect for hanging baskets.

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Field Horsetail

Equisetum arvense

Field horsetail (Equisetum arvense) is an ancient, non-flowering perennial in the Equisetaceae family, part of a plant lineage that predates the dinosaurs. It produces two types of stems: pale, unbranched fertile stems that appear in early spring and bear spore cones, followed by bushy green sterile stems with whorled branches that persist through summer. Rich in silica, its hollow, jointed stems were historically used to scour pots and polish metal. A vigorous, deep-rooted rhizomatous spreader, it is considered a persistent weed in gardens and farmland but is also valued as a traditional medicinal herb.

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Rough Horsetail

Equisetum hyemale

Easy 💧 3 days ☀️ Partial shade

Equisetum hyemale, commonly known as rough horsetail or scouring rush, is an evergreen, non-flowering perennial in the ancient Equisetaceae family. Its hollow, jointed, bamboo-like stems grow upright to 1-1.8 m and stay a striking dark green year-round, ringed with black-and-tan banded nodes. As a spore-bearing pteridophyte, it never produces flowers or seeds; instead, small cone-like strobili form at the stem tips and release spores. The species spreads vigorously through branching underground rhizomes, forming dense colonies that make it an excellent architectural accent for wet, boggy sites or contained water features, though its aggressive spread means it should almost always be planted in a pot or behind a root barrier.

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Marsh Horsetail

Equisetum palustre

Medium 💧 3 days ☀️ Partial shade

Equisetum palustre, commonly known as Marsh Horsetail, is a primitive vascular plant from the ancient Equisetaceae family — a lineage dating back over 300 million years. Native to cool, wet regions of Eurasia and North America, it thrives in marshes, bogs, stream banks, and other waterlogged habitats. Its jointed, reed-like stems rise 10–60 cm and bear whorls of slender branches. WARNING: All parts are toxic to livestock, particularly horses and cattle, due to thiaminase and the alkaloid palustrine which destroy vitamin B1.

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Horsetail

Equisetum spp

Easy 💧 14 days ☀️ Bright indirect

Horsetail (Equisetum spp) is one of the most ancient plant genera on Earth, with fossil records dating back over 300 million years. A primitive vascular plant that reproduces via spores rather than seeds, it belongs to the family Equisetaceae. Its jointed, hollow, green stems — rich in silica — are its most distinctive feature. Cosmopolitan in distribution, it naturally colonizes moist soils, riverbanks, and wetlands on nearly every continent. Widely used in traditional medicine and increasingly popular in contemporary ornamental gardening.

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Little lovegrass

Eragrostis minor

Eragrostis minor, commonly known as little lovegrass, is an annual C4 metabolism grass species native to Europe that has since become a widespread weed globally. It is frequently found on disturbed, sandy, or gravelly soils, roadsides, railway embankments, and fallow lands. The plant grows 15-60 cm tall, forming loose tufts or small clumps. Its panicle inflorescence is 5-20 cm long, featuring flattened spikelets ranging from grayish-green to purplish-red, which fade to straw-yellow upon maturity. It blooms from mid-summer to early autumn, with seeds ripening from September through late November.

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Blue Sage

Eranthemum pulchellum

Easy 💧 9 days ☀️ Partial shade

Blue Sage (Eranthemum pulchellum) is a tropical evergreen shrub native to India, the Himalayas, and western China, belonging to the family Acanthaceae. It is prized for its stunning deep blue flowers that bloom in winter and spring, a rare trait among flowering shrubs. The plant features dense, oval, dark green leaves with prominent veins and lightly serrated margins. Blue Sage grows 0.5 to 1.5 meters tall and thrives in warm, humid tropical and subtropical climates.

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American Burnweed

Erechtites hieraciifolius

Easy 💧 6 days ☀️ Direct sun

Erechtites hieraciifolius, popularly known as American burnweed or fireweed, is an annual herbaceous plant native to the Americas. It is a pioneer species, often found in disturbed soil or after fires, which earned it its common name. It features an erect stem, serrated leaves, and flower heads that produce seeds with white hairs, facilitating wind dispersal. It is widely recognized in Brazil as a NUFP (Non-Conventional Food Plant).

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Foxtail Lily

Eremurus stenophyllus

Medium 💧 10 days ☀️ Direct sun

Eremurus stenophyllus, commonly known as the Foxtail Lily or Desert Candle, is a tuberous-rooted perennial native to the steppes and semi-desert regions of Central Asia. It forms a rosette of narrow, strap-like leaves from which a tall, erect flower spike emerges in summer, reaching heights of 4 to 5 feet. This spike is densely packed with small, star-shaped yellow flowers that turn brownish at the base as they age. A recipient of the RHS Award of Garden Merit, it is highly prized for its spectacular architectural presence in the garden.

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Winter Heath

Erica carnea